PSG has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after the French winger opened the net early on.
However, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.